Coughing is often triggered by excess secretion in the respiratory tract because the body tries to clear the airways of mucus or other irritants. Here’s how it works:
Irritant Detection: The respiratory tract, including the throat and lungs, is lined with mucus membranes that produce mucus. This mucus traps particles like dust, microbes, and allergens. When these membranes produce more mucus than usual—due to infections, allergies, or irritants like smoke or pollution—the excess mucus can stimulate nerve endings in the airway.
Nerve Stimulation: These nerve endings are part of the body's reflex system designed to protect the lungs. When stimulated by excess mucus, these nerves send signals to the brain.
Cough Reflex Activation: The brain then processes these signals and activates the cough reflex. This reflex involves a deep inhalation followed by a forceful contraction of the muscles in the chest and abdomen, closing the vocal cords. When the cords suddenly open, air rushes out of the lungs at high speed, dislodging and expelling the mucus and irritants.
This mechanism helps keep the airways clear, allowing for easier breathing and reducing the risk of infection. However, persistent or excessive coughing may indicate an underlying health issue that requires medical attention.
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